Python vs. Java vs. C++: Key Differences With Real-World Examples
If I'm saying that Python is better than Java or Python is better than C++. You might wonder how I can say one programming language is better than another. Right..! Because each n every Programming language has its characteristics and features. It is difficult to choose the right programming language for a particular project. It depends on your project requirements and the programming language features, you want to add to your projects.
In this blog, we'll take a deep dive into the key differences between Python, Java, and C++, and provide examples to illustrate these differences. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, this blog will help you make an informed decision when choosing the right programming language for your next project.
What is Python?
“Python” name is given by the British Comedy group Monty Python. It is a high-level interpreter language developed by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991. Python was designed to be user-friendly and enjoyable to work with, and it has earned a reputation as an ideal language for beginners.
In addition to handling complex data for users, Python development allows beginners to focus on understanding programming concepts without getting distracted by trivial details. Python places a strong emphasis on the developer experience, making it highly productive and deceptively powerful despite its simplicity. As a result, it has gained widespread popularity and has been ranked as the third most popular programming language by TIOBE, a leading software quality assessment company.
Also Read: How to Choose the Right Python Libraries, Modules, Packages, and Frameworks for Your Project
What is Java?
Java, a programming language that was initially introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1995, is widely used as a multi-platform, object-oriented, and network-centric language. In addition to being a popular programming language, it also serves as a computing platform. Following its release, Oracle Corporation acquired it.
What is C++?
C++ is an extensive programming language that used to gain widespread acceptance across multiple hardware and operating system platforms. It is recognized for its efficient ability to compile native code and is employed in the development of operating systems, applications, device drivers, embedded software, high-performance server, and client applications. C++ programming language has a significant impact on other popular languages, particularly c#, and java.
Python vs Java vs C++: Which one is better?
| Python | Java | C++ |
|---|---|---|
| Interpreted Programming Language | Compiled Programming Language | Compiled Programming Language |
| Provide both Single and Multiple Inheritance | Provide Partial Multiple Inheritance Using Interface | Provide both Single and Multiple Inheritance |
| Support Multithreading | Has inbuilt Multithreading support | Does not support threads |
| Huge Set of Libraries that make it fit for AI, Data Science, etc. | Library Support for Many Concepts Like UI | Limited Number of Library Support |
| Functions and Variables can be declared and used outside the class. | Every bit of code is inside a class | Functions and variables are used outside the class |
| Smaller Code Length | Code Length is bigger than Python and C++ | Code length is lesser than Java, around 1.5 times less |
Features and Real-Time Examples of Python
Python Features
Python can perform complex tasks using a few lines of code because of expressive language.
It makes Debugging easier for developers due to an interpreted language.
With huge sets of libraries and modules, complex tasks can easy to handle by in-built library functions. Python contains more than 137000 libraries.
Extensively used in Machine Learning, Natural processing Language, and Deep Learning.
By utilizing an object-oriented approach, Python assures programmers of producing clear, well-structured code for applications of any size.
Real-Time Examples of Python
Python is popular for web app development, general software development, and machine learning due to its high-level and general-purpose programming language.
Let’s discuss real-time applications of python.
Web Development: Different Python frameworks like Django and Flask with standard libraries play an important role in web development. Also, the framework allows easy integration with protocol to reduce development time.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Its stable language feature makes Python suitable for building machine learning models. In addition, it can be used in a variety of AI solutions such as advanced computing and data processing.
Enterprise Applications: Python is a reliable language for creating enterprise applications due to its ability to handle numerous database requests concurrently. The core features of python, such as readability, functionality, and scalability, remain consistent despite variations in usage among enterprises. Enterprise applications can be developed in Python using the Odoo Development platform.
Desktop GUI: Because python is a simple, easy-to-learn, open-source, and platform-independent programming language it is widely used in desktop GUI. Developers often employ toolkits such as PyQt, PyGUI, and WxPython to efficiently create high-quality GUIs.
Software Development: To simplify the software development process of complex applications, python is widely used by software developers.
Features and Real-Time Examples of Java
Features of Java
With Java, you can write once and run your code anywhere because of a platform-independent programming language.
Manage object life cycle by supporting automatic garbage collection and memory management.
Java executes multiple tasks simultaneously due to the support multithreading feature.
Just-In-Time (JIT) compilers facilitate high performance and store significant runtime information, which helps verify and resolve object accesses during runtime.
Real-Time Examples of Java
Platform independence, high performance, and object-oriented features make Java a popular programming language. Let's explore some Java real-world applications.
Web-Based Programmes: As Java is a popular server-side programming language it is widely used for developing web-based applications. Because it supports web development via Servlet and JSP.
Internet of Things: To run IoT devices properly, Java is the most acceptable language. Provides greater flexibility and mobility with its independent platform.
Big Data: Most programmers use java for Big Data. Additionally, the Java community provides outstanding support for Big Data technology. Major Big data tools, such as Hadoop and Deep Learning use Java for programming.
Android Apps: Android mobile application development platform is developed using java. Also, the official IDE platform for developing android Apps, Android Studio makes use of it. Android Development is much easier who know the java programming language.
Desktop Applications: With the ability to develop graphical user interfaces for desktop software, java diverse range of accessible structures. These structures include Swing, AWT, JavaFX, and many more to make GUI Application development effortless.
Features and Real-Time Examples of C++
Features of C++
With a platform-dependent feature, it is a fast and compiled programming language.
C++ provides programmers with complete control over hardware as it offers a wide range of libraries that enable them to handle hardware-level tasks directly.
It gains popularity due to its ability to rapidly adapt to hardware changes and take advantage of new technologies such as containerization, GPUs, and cloud computing.
Real-Time Examples of C++
Despite being nearly three decades old, C++ remains a popular language for developing a variety of applications. One reason for this is its continual growth and expansion, which includes the addition of new standard library functions and exclusive features that meet the ongoing needs of developers. This ongoing development has ensured that C++ remains a relevant and in-demand language.
GUI-Based Applications: It is widely utilized in the development of graphical user interface (GUI) and desktop applications, including popular software such as Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator. These applications are examples of the many programs that are built using the C++ programming language.
Operating System: It is an ideal choice for developing operating systems due to its high performance and strongly typed features. For example, Mac OS X contains significant amounts of code written in C++. Additionally, many software applications from Microsoft, including Windows, Microsoft Office, Visual Studio IDE, and Internet Explorer, are also developed using the C++ programming language.
Embedded Systems: To develop embedded systems, C++ is a popular choice that requires interaction with hardware, such as medical equipment and smartwatches. In addition, C++ enables developers to create software that interacts efficiently and effectively with hardware.
Wrapping Up
In the above discussion, we give you an overview of three programming languages: C++, Java, and Python, as well as their respective applications. Python is an interpreted language that can be used across different platforms. Meanwhile, Java is a compiled language that is platform-dependent. On the other hand, C++ is also compiled and platform-dependent, but unlike Java, Python is an interpreted language that can run on different platforms.
Each language has its strength and weaknesses, and the choice of which one to use ultimately depends on the project requirements and the developer's experience and preferences. By understanding the key differences between Python, Java, and C++, developers can choose the most appropriate language for their project and leverage its strengths to create effective and efficient solutions.
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